Cardamom is a spice made from the seed pods of various plants of the Ginger family. It can be used as whole or ground, and its strong, aromatic flavor makes it a common ingredient in curries and other savory dishes. Cardamom is also used to make tea and coffee, and it has been used as a flavoring agent since ancient times.
The global cardamom trade has been witnessing significant growth over the past decade. The rise in demand for Indian spice can be attributed to its use in the food & beverage industry along with growing usage in the medicine and aromatherapy sectors. Besides this, cardamom finds extensive use in perfumery and cosmetic industries as well. This has resulted in a rapid surge in its export from producing countries such as Guatemala which contributes nearly 90% of the world’s total production.
Export of Cardamom from India during 2020-2021 is reported at 20,060.627 Metric Tonnes. Exports of Cardamom from India increased by 1730.08% in 2020-21 (Apr-Oct) over the same period last year. The overall value of exports of Cardamom from India is reported at Rs. 1347.54 Crore in 2020-2021 (Apr-Oct), which is 86.95% higher than the previous year’s corresponding export value of Rs. 721.99 Crore during 2019-2020 (Apr-Oct).
India accounts for 22% of world cardamom production and 30% of world exports. The country is also the largest consumer, accounting for almost a third of global consumption, according to the Spices Board’s Spices Annual Report 2019-20, adding that there was a marginal increase of 0.64 percent in the area under cardamom cultivation and 1 percent in production during 2019-20 as compared to 2018-19.
The cardamom trade has been established for more than 3,000 years. It is believed that the Egyptians were the first to use it as a spice and medicine.
The spice traveled along the Silk Road through Syria, Persia, India, and China. In the Middle Ages, Europeans traded with Asia by land and by sea to bring cardamom to Europe. From there, it was brought to England and America by traders.
The world's most important producers of cardamom are India and Guatemala. Other countries like Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and Vietnam also grow cardamom commercially.
The United States is the largest importer of cardamom, accounting for more than a third of total global imports. This country is followed by Germany and the United Kingdom.
The top exporters of Cardamom are India ($11.9M), Guatemala ($64.4M), Vietnam ($32.1M), Sri Lanka ($13.5M), and Tanzania ($7.99M).
The top importers are the United States ($72.2M), Germany ($51.8M), the United Kingdom ($34.6M), Saudi Arabia ($26.3M), and Kuwait ($22.2M).
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