Black pepper is one of the most traded and highest volume spices. It has achieved the status of king of spices due to its wide range of health benefits. Black pepper is a household item and a part of processed food, and it is used in food and medicine. It is also considered suitable for detoxifying the body and digestion. The spice is added as a food seasoning with salt on dining tables, either in shakers or mill containers.
In terms of exports, China, Thailand, the United States, Sri Lanka, and Canada are also the top black pepper export destinations. India exported black pepper worth $3.86 billion in 2024, making it the top exporter of black pepper. In this blog, we’ll look at black pepper exports and imports by country, average prices and market size, and growth rate in 2025.
Global Overview of Black Pepper Trade in 2025
- Global Export Value (2025):USD 1.78 billion
- Global Import Value (2025):USD 1.72 billion
- Top Exporting Regions: Asia (63.2%), Europe (16.1%), Latin America (15.1%)
- Top Importing Regions:Asia (35.8%), Europe (30.4%), North America (23.1%)
Despite a -18.9% year-over-year drop in export revenues compared to 2024, the spice continues to hold its place as a top export commodity due to steady global consumption.
Black Pepper Market Size 2025 And Growth Rate
If you check the size of the market of black pepper in the year 2025, you will see that it has grown in recent years. It will rise from $3.86 billion in 2024 to $4.12 billion in 2025, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7%.
The increase during the historical period is attributed to culinary uses and flavoring, traditional medicine and health purposes, food culture globalisation, convenient and ready-to-eat food gaining popularity, and consumer knowledge of natural ingredients.
The black pepper market size will have high growth over the coming years. It will reach $5.24 billion in 2029 with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2%.
Top 10 Black Pepper Exporting Countries in 2025
In 2025, the world black pepper market will still be dominated by Vietnam, Brazil, and Indonesia due to their strong production capacity and competitive prices. Combined, the top 10 black pepper exporters share more than 85% of all black pepper trade in the world, reflecting a very concentrated export market.
The following are the top 10 countries that exported the highest dollar value of black pepper in 2025, whether the shipped black pepper was crushed, ground, or neither.
|
Rank |
Country |
Export Value (USD) |
Global Share (%) |
|
1 |
Vietnam |
$729.5 million |
41% |
|
2 |
Brazil |
$252.2 million |
14.2% |
|
3 |
Indonesia |
$114.5 million |
6.4% |
|
4 |
Sri Lanka |
$90.4 million |
5.1% |
|
5 |
India |
$79.9 million |
4.5% |
|
6 |
Germany |
$75.3 million |
4.2% |
|
7 |
Netherlands |
$59.5 million |
3.3% |
|
8 |
United States |
$47.6 million |
2.7% |
|
9 |
France |
$37.4 million |
2.1% |
|
10 |
Malaysia |
$33 million |
1.9% |
Vietnam retains more than 40% of the market share to lead the black pepper export industry. Nevertheless, nations such as Sri Lanka and mainland China have experienced considerable increases.
Top 10 Black Pepper Exporting Countries in 2025
The following are the leading 10 Black Pepper Importing markets based on the highest dollar value worth of black pepper imported in 2025, for any black pepper, whether crushed, ground, or unprocessed.
|
Rank |
Country |
Import Value (USD) |
Global Share (%) |
|
1 |
United States |
$325.6 million |
19% |
|
2 |
India |
$162.7 million |
9.5% |
|
3 |
Germany |
$101.8 million |
5.9% |
|
4 |
Vietnam |
$80.1 million |
4.7% |
|
5 |
Japan |
$62 million |
3.6% |
|
6 |
France |
$61.4 million |
3.6% |
|
7 |
United Kingdom |
$58.8 million |
3.4% |
|
8 |
Canada |
$52.3 million |
3% |
|
9 |
Netherlands |
$49 million |
2.9% |
|
10 |
Egypt |
$39.9 million |
2.3% |
Despite a 26% global decline in import value compared to 2024, the United States remains the largest importer of black pepper.
Global Average Prices of Black Pepper (2025)
Raw (Unground) Black Pepper:
- Global Average: $3,358/ton
- Highest Paid by USA: $4,424/ton
- Lowest Paid by Mauritania: $156/ton
Crushed/Ground Black Pepper:
- Global Average: $4,216/ton
- Highest Paid by Mauritius: $25,222/ton
- Lowest Paid by Lesotho: $161/ton
The average price for processed black pepper has seen a 24.6% drop, making it more affordable for mid-tier markets.
Key Market Trends in 2025
- Vietnam saw a significant decline in exports (-21.4%) due to drought-affected yields.
- Sri Lankaand France were among the fastest-growing exporters.
- Pakistan’s import demand increased by 29.5%, driven by rising domestic consumption
- UAE’s imports dropped by a staggering 69.3%, indicating a shift in supply channels.
Processed vs. Raw Black Pepper Exports
- Raw Black Pepper:72.5% of global export value
- Crushed/Ground Black Pepper: 27.5% of total
Raw black pepper continues to dominate global trade, while processed varieties are growing slowly in developed economies with advanced food industries.
Price Dynamics and Buyer Behavior
- Low-income African countries like Burkina Faso and Somalia have benefited from heavily discounted prices.
- Premium buyers such as Greenland, Iceland, and Luxembourg continue paying high premiums for high-grade black pepper
- Bangladesh and Lebanon experienced some of the highest price surges, indicating a shift to premium-grade imports.
Market Outlook for Black Pepper (2025-2026)
- Prices: May remain volatile due to climate fluctuations in Vietnam and Brazil.
- Demand: Expected to rise moderately in North America and MENA regions.
- Opportunities: Exporters should focus on processed variants and explore high-value markets in Europe and island nations.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the black pepper export-import outlook for 2025 reflects both dynamism and caution. The global demand for black pepper remains stable, and its total trade value has declined compared to previous years. In recent years, the key markets like the USA and India have continued to influence global black pepper import trends. While Asian exporters such as Vietnam, Brazil, and India remain the top leaders.
With improved technology, certification, and strategic market targeting, exporters can unlock new business opportunities and drive growth in the coming year.
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